Vol. I · The open image paperWinnipeg · Musée sans mursRecovered · Remembered · Returned
Cleveland Museum of Art168726portraitlate 1800s-early 1900sCC0cma african-global-heritage symbols-patterns design-assets objects-with-gravity african global heritage symbols patterns design assets objects with gravity naga terracotta ritual figure statue nails wood brown red primitive folk art nigeria west africa ancestor spirit symbol ornament traditional male nkisi nkondilate 1800s-early 1900s Democratic Republic of Congo or Cabinda (Angola), Kongo artist and nganga (priest) Wood, metalized glass, iron, organic material, ivory or plastic, and natural fiber Sculpture African DecorativeAfrican & Global Heritage Symbols & Ornament The Maker’s Cabinet Objects with Gravity
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Male figure (nkisi nkondi) (late 1800s-early 1900s). René and Odette Delenne Collection, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund Rights: CC0. https://clevelandart.org/art/2010.432
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From the museum record
This nkisi nkondi (power figure) lacks most of the materials that transformed it into a vessel for a spirit. Carved by sculptors, minkisi hosted spirits after banganga (priests) placed substances inside to empower them. The mirrored eyes, resin cap, and stomach chamber once contained empowering materials. After the nkisi had served its purpose the nganga removed the materials, stripping it of its spiritual power; the remaining sculpture was discarded. Sometimes, Kongo people removed materials as acts of anti-colonial resistance, disempowering minkisi before Europeans seized them. While we don’t know why it was disempowered, this sculpture is no longer spiritually active.
Lupin’s visual index
This terracotta figure depicts a naga, adorned with numerous nails, suggesting a ritualistic or protective function.
Machine-assisted description · useful for discovery, not scholarship.